Microsoft Azure RHEL 9.4 镜像记
- 2026-02-04 14:52:00
- 丁国栋
- 原创 18
由于业务需要，在Microsoft Azure上创建了一个 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4的Linux虚拟机，用于测试、演示。
操作系统细节是：
Publisher: RedHatOffer: RHEL
SKU: 94_gen2
Version: latest
# cat /etc/os-release NAME="Red Hat Enterprise Linux" VERSION="9.4 (Plow)" ID="rhel" ID_LIKE="fedora" VERSION_ID="9.4" PLATFORM_ID="platform:el9" PRETTY_NAME="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 (Plow)" ANSI_COLOR="0;31" LOGO="fedora-logo-icon" CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos" HOME_URL="https://www.redhat.com/" DOCUMENTATION_URL="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/9" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://issues.redhat.com/" REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9" REDHAT_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=9.4 REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux" REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="9.4"
系统磁盘分配64GB，默认分区如下：
# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /dev tmpfs 3.8G 0 3.8G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.5G 17M 1.5G 2% /run /dev/mapper/rootvg-rootlv 2.0G 71M 1.9G 4% / /dev/mapper/rootvg-usrlv 10G 1.7G 8.4G 17% /usr /dev/sdb2 436M 130M 307M 30% /boot /dev/mapper/rootvg-homelv 960M 40M 921M 5% /home /dev/mapper/rootvg-varlv 8.0G 457M 7.5G 6% /var /dev/mapper/rootvg-tmplv 2.0G 47M 1.9G 3% /tmp /dev/sdb1 200M 7.1M 193M 4% /boot/efi tmpfs 764M 0 764M 0% /run/user/1000有此可见，它把原来放在一起的几个目录拆分到了不同的卷中，并且硬盘空间并没有完全分配给vg。
# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb4 VG Name rootvg PV Size 63.31 GiB / not usable 0 Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 16208 Free PE 10320 Allocated PE 5888 PV UUID ufi0Sj-c5iY-H0Cd-xRRA-wRJs-800x-7EFnTP # vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name rootvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 6 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 5 Open LV 5 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 63.31 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 16208 Alloc PE / Size 5888 / 23.00 GiB Free PE / Size 10320 / 40.31 GiB VG UUID ySGIPD-GCnt-Lwde-6oGU-bVNA-jyLo-bWfpqM
# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 128 GiB, 137438953472 bytes, 268435456 sectors Disk model: Virtual Disk Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk /dev/sdb: 64 GiB, 68719476736 bytes, 134217728 sectors Disk model: Virtual Disk Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: D8DA8289-67B2-4826-98B9-8411BA472FCC Device Start End Sectors Size Type /dev/sdb1 2048 411647 409600 200M EFI System /dev/sdb2 411648 1435647 1024000 500M Linux filesystem /dev/sdb3 1435648 1437695 2048 1M BIOS boot /dev/sdb4 1437696 134215679 132777984 63.3G Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/rootvg-tmplv: 2 GiB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/rootvg-usrlv: 10 GiB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/rootvg-homelv: 1 GiB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/rootvg-varlv: 8 GiB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/rootvg-rootlv: 22 GiB, 23622320128 bytes, 46137344 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
这样的话，需要手动分配一些vg空间给相应的lv。
关于更新和RHEL9的订阅
Azure 的RHEL9 镜像默认带了 RHUI （RHUI（Red Hat Update Infrastructure，红帽更新基础设施） 是红帽为企业级客户提供的一套本地化更新解决方案，主要用于云环境和离线环境）配置，可以直接通过dnf、yum等工具(dnf-3)安装软件包。
# subscription-manager list
+-------------------------------------------+
Installed Product Status
+-------------------------------------------+
Product Name: Red Hat Enterprise Linux for x86_64
Product ID: 479
Version: 9.4
Arch: x86_64
Status: Unknown
Status Details:
Starts:
Ends:
Product Name: Red Hat Enterprise Linux for x86_64 - Extended Update Support
Product ID: 70
Version: 9.4
Arch: x86_64
Status: Unknown
Status Details:
Starts:
Ends:
# subscription-manager status
+-------------------------------------------+
System Status Details
+-------------------------------------------+
Overall Status: Unknown
System Purpose Status: Unknown
# yum info mysql
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:21 ago on Wed 04 Feb 2026 07:14:57 AM UTC.
Available Packages
Name : mysql
Version : 8.0.40
Release : 1.el9_4
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 2.8 M
Source : mysql-8.0.40-1.el9_4.src.rpm
Repository : rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-eus-rhui-rpms
Summary : MySQL client programs and shared libraries
URL : http://www.mysql.com
License : GPLv2 with exceptions and LGPLv2 and BSD
Description : MySQL is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. MySQL is a
: client/server implementation consisting of a server daemon (mysqld)
: and many different client programs and libraries. The base package
: contains the standard MySQL client programs and generic MySQL files.
# yum install mysql
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:33 ago on Wed 04 Feb 2026 07:14:57 AM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
===========================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql x86_64 8.0.40-1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-eus-rhui-rpms 2.8 M
Installing dependencies:
mariadb-connector-c-config noarch 3.2.6-1.el9_0 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-eus-rhui-rpms 11 k
mysql-common x86_64 8.0.40-1.el9_4 rhel-9-for-x86_64-appstream-eus-rhui-rpms 77 k
Transaction Summary
===========================================================================================================================================
Install 3 Packages
Total download size: 2.9 M
Installed size: 60 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): mariadb-connector-c-config-3.2.6-1.el9_0.noarch.rpm 66 kB/s | 11 kB 00:00
(2/3): mysql-common-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64.rpm 309 kB/s | 77 kB 00:00
(3/3): mysql-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64.rpm 7.1 MB/s | 2.8 MB 00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 7.2 MB/s | 2.9 MB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : mariadb-connector-c-config-3.2.6-1.el9_0.noarch 1/3
Installing : mysql-common-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64 2/3
Installing : mysql-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64 3/3
Running scriptlet: mysql-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64 3/3
Verifying : mariadb-connector-c-config-3.2.6-1.el9_0.noarch 1/3
Verifying : mysql-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64 2/3
Verifying : mysql-common-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64 3/3
Installed products updated.
Installed:
mariadb-connector-c-config-3.2.6-1.el9_0.noarch mysql-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64 mysql-common-8.0.40-1.el9_4.x86_64
Complete!
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